Machine control
The PLC owns deterministic sequencing, permissives and actuator feedback. The robot executes approved motion jobs. No motion starts from a vision result alone.

STATION 10 · EXISTING-LINE INTEGRATION
From machine handshake to a verified carton at the correct exit.
01 / CONTROL OWNERSHIP
The PLC owns deterministic sequencing, permissives and actuator feedback. The robot executes approved motion jobs. No motion starts from a vision result alone.
Vision services own image acquisition and inspection. The ledger commits bottle / carton associations before a good-route permission is issued. Every response carries the current job and identity.
02 / PLC STATE FLOW
Auto permitted, safety healthy, downstream available. Read CarrierID / BatchID; confirm eight slot states and positive dock lock.
Select recipe XY pickup position and Z height. Grip all occupied slots; confirm product / grip feedback before lifting.
Z clearance → coordinated XYZ transfer → recipe scan pose. Transfer module remains docked and waiting.
All 32 lighting bars ON. Eight rotary axes search independently, each stopping on detection. Each channel makes two separate captures; matching reads switch its four lights OFF.
Store eight results against carrier + slot. Keep each detected angle. Lift clear → XY return → lower bottles into their original holders.
Latch CycleComplete with the same sequence ID. Release the transfer module only after result commit and line-master acknowledgement.
QR not found by the 185° limit / deadline, image blur preventing a valid read, mismatching reads or an invalid code → latch the affected slot NG; return it safely and carry its status to the assigned carton for rejection.
Lost grip, failed focus, stability never ready before scanning, missing identity, no acknowledgement or motion fault → controlled HOLD. Preserve the current sequence and all pending carton records; no blind automatic restart.
A duplicate request returns the stored response, without repeating motion. Unexpected SeqID, stale result or watchdog expiry enters the agreed hold path. Motion, focus, vision and transfer timeouts are individually measured and approved.
03 / VISION SOFTWARE
Load approved bottle geometry, pickup / scan poses, per-head ROI, focus position, exposure, gain, lighting intensity, QR rules and calibration version. Check working distance, lens / focus range and image sharpness with real samples. Calibration validation is not the same as mechanically moving every cycle.
Move motorised focus tracks to the recipe target; acquire readiness / stability feedback. Start all lighting together. After settle, search, stop, acquire and validate each channel independently. Abort affected acquisition if grip, focus, light or motion readiness is lost.
on ScanStart(batch, recipe, scanSeq):
validate recipe hash, dock, grip, focus and stability
clear previous frame queues; enable all 32 light bars
parallel for slot in 1..8:
rotate(slot) within recipe limits (maximum search: 185°)
if valid QR candidate detected:
stop axis(slot); wait StopAck + image stability
frame1 = acquire_fresh(slot, scanSeq, captureNo=1)
frame2 = acquire_fresh(slot, scanSeq, captureNo=2)
require distinct FrameIDs and ordered timestamps
require both frames belong to this batch / slot / scanSeq
if both reads valid and payloads match approved rule:
latch VERIFIED; switch OFF this slot's 4 light bars
else: latch NG_READ_MISMATCH / NG_INVALID_READ
else if angle limit or search deadline reached:
latch NG_UNABLE_TO_CHECK
wait for 8 terminal results; switch remaining lighting OFF
commit all results; publish ResultValid + matching scanSeq
keep each final angle; return to original holder positionsThe two opposed heads per bottle provide alternative views. Detailed design must define whether both heads must agree, how a usable head is selected and how conflicting decodes are rejected. Two matching captures must be two fresh images; replaying one buffer does not count. Timing depends on exposure, readout, processing, stop latency and settling trials.
04 / INTERFACE REGISTER
Directions below are relative to the named sender / receiver. A fieldbus bit or structured message is not automatically a physical wired I/O point. Final terminal counts, safety I/O, expansion reserve and cabinet hardware follow the agreed device list.
No protocol is declared to be the customer's installed protocol. Confirm actual controller compatibility before assigning tags, update rates or trigger timing.
05 / END-TO-END LOGIC
CarrierID + load epoch + SlotID maps to BottleID, QR evidence and S10 status. Reload creates a new epoch; previous contents cannot be reused.
Both bottle and carton modules dock and lock at Station 11. Read eight carton QRs and reserve BottleCarrierID / slot against CartonCarrierID / slot. Overhead AI observes bottle pick and insertion.
Commit BottleID ↔ CartonID after confirmed placement and the approved matching rule. Duplicate IDs, missing bottles or wrong pairs never receive a PASS.
The carton module carries eight loaded upright cartons from S11 to S12. An overhead view checks carton presence. The S12 robot lifts the group through the local closing station, then shifts sideways and lays it on the adjacent parallel belt. This is the FIRST ordinary conveyor. The empty carton module turns downward and returns underneath. Latch CartonID, CloseCycleID, placement slot and encoder position. The carton QR now faces the conveyor and cannot be read from above.
Tracking-only: AI + encoder / zone observations retain the S11 identity. Optional re-read: isolate, stand up, confirm a fresh QR against the reserved ID, then lay flat. Any identity uncertainty causes HOLD.
Hold following carton and front carton. Confirm divert zone clear; select GOOD / REJECT, verify gate position, then release one carton.
Hold route until tail-clear. Correlate exit sensor with expected carton and route; record GOOD CONFIRMED or REJECT CONFIRMED.
Two matching bottle reads AND unique approved carton association AND placement present AND downstream identity valid for selected method AND closure / condition PASS AND record committedEvery released GOOD carton requires the complete chain. “100% matching” is the inspection coverage target; actual acceptance performance must be tested.
Unreadable / wrong QR, bottle drop, empty carton, incorrect association, open box or agreed packaging defect. Preserve evidence and reason; repeated NG cartons retain the reject gate direction.
Track loss, stale result, gate not in position, jam, full reject branch, exit not confirmed, communication loss or unreconciled restart. Stop upstream metering; recover from verified physical positions.
Load the durable ledger and freeze affected zones. Reconcile occupied holders and cartons against sensors and readable IDs. Quarantine uncertain items through the approved recovery procedure. A reset clears an alarm only after its cause is resolved; it does not clear identity records or automatically restart a robot.
8 bottles / cycle · 100 bottles / minute · 0.6 s equivalent / bottle. Available batch takt: 4.8 s. This includes all handshakes and exchange; 0.6 s is not an individual bottle's scan duration.
Illustrative bottle loop 13.2 s: ceil(13.2 / 4.8) = 3 bottle modules. Illustrative carton loop 16.8 s: ceil(16.8 / 4.8) = 4 carton modules. Both have upper forward travel, downward end turns and lower backward returns. Actual loop times and upstream preparation must be measured.
STATION 12 / HORIZONTAL CARTON HANDOVER
Station 11 loads bottles into cartons and binds their QR records. Station 12 closes the loaded cartons and places them horizontally on the conveyor, with the QR face against the belt. This changes the downstream inspection method.
| Decision | A · Tracking only | B · Additional stand-up QR re-read |
|---|---|---|
| Identity evidence | S11 carton QR plus confirmed S12 placement, AI observations, encoder displacement and zone sensors. | Same tracking chain plus a fresh, directly visible QR read at the tilt cell. |
| Conveyor operation | Cartons remain horizontal. No read through the belt. | Hold follower, clamp one carton, stand up, read, lay flat and confirm clearance. |
| Main limitation | Slip, missed objects, removal or order changes can break identity and risk a wrong reject. | Added mechanical handling, settle time, optical visibility and motion / sensor dependencies. |
| Failure response | Unknown identity or position discrepancy: HOLD and reconcile. Known NG: retain record to confirmed reject. | Known isolated no-read: NG. Unexpected QR or missing motion feedback: HOLD. Never overwrite the expected ID silently. |
| Throughput basis | S12 must achieve an eight-carton batch every 4.8 s to support 100/min. | Illustrative single-cell cycle 1.20 s gives 50/min. Target 100/min needs a validated 0.60 s cell cycle or an engineered parallel arrangement. |
| Scope | Tracking and integration design to confirm against the agreed quotation. | Additional conveyor / tilt / Vision System option. Confirm mechanical scope, price and programme separately. |
on S12.HorizontalPlaceDone(closeSeq, cartonSlots, encoderCount):
require matching CloseCycleID and known S11 carton records
bind each CartonID to position, sequence and placement timestamp
wait RobotClear and downstream permission before conveyor release
while carton is on horizontal conveyor:
predict position from encoder displacement
reconcile AI / zone observations against the same physical carton
if missing, extra, swapped or unexplained position: HOLD + reconcile
if optional re-read enabled:
isolate carton; hold follower; confirm clamp
stand up; require UprightOK, stability and FocusReady
acquire fresh QR for this ReadSeq
if unexpected identity: HOLD + reconcile
if no-read with known isolated carton: latch NG
lay flat; require FlatHome and Clear before release
carry the original record to the selected reject mechanism
close record only after the expected physical exit is confirmedEncoder motion alone does not prove carton motion. Agree slip limits, sensor spacing, AI observation coverage, anti-reorder guides and manual-removal handling. Restart requires reconciliation of every occupied zone. QR re-reading strengthens identity evidence but does not remove downstream tracking or exit-confirmation requirements.
The optional conveyor modification follows the customer's requested higher-verification approach. It is an additional option, with no new price or contractual inclusion asserted here. Confirm the final QR face, carton dimensions / mass, allowed handling, actual Station 12 cycle, conveyor modification permissions and FAT criteria with the OEM.
Open optional QR re-read simulation ↗R14 / ALTERNATIVE REJECT MECHANISM
Configure the PLC for either the Option 1 Y gate or Option 2 side pusher. The mechanical selection is a commissioning setting; the Web App buttons are for concept comparison.
NG at stop + follower held + reject space + transfer cell stopped → extend pusher. Require transfer position and carton-on-reject confirmation → start reject belt and retract. Require HOME and a clear cell → index the next carton. GOOD passes only with the pusher HOME.
Provisional route budgets: GOOD 0.54 s; NG 1.20 s. At 100% NG the model is limited to 50/min and slows upstream batch release. Field control must respond to measured buffer occupancy and acknowledgements. A missing position, transfer or exit signal holds motion and preserves pending carton identities.
Proposed inputs: PusherHome, PusherExtended, CartonAtStop, FollowerHeld, CellStopped, RejectTransferPresent, RejectSpace, RejectExit, GoodExit. Outputs: PusherTarget, FrontStop, FollowerHold, CellRun, RejectBeltRun, UpstreamHold. Signal polarity, safe state and timeouts require OEM agreement.
Open Option 2 simulation ↗06 / JOINT DESIGN-REVIEW BOARD
Use this register in the OEM / customer workshop. All items start as To confirm; checking a box here records a local review note, not engineering approval.
Latest Station 10 discussion and supplied 3D model govern this concept. Q909525011A provides earlier overall upstream QC / marking context. Interface choices are design proposals, not confirmed installed equipment.
Official references reviewed 27 September 2026. Confirm actual supported features with the selected vendors.